Word Root, Prefixes and Suffixes – Civil Service Exam

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Word Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes - Civil Service Exam

Building on the fundamental concepts of word roots, prefixes, and suffixes, here’s an expanded list to help deepen vocabulary knowledge and understanding of English word formation. This list includes definitions and examples for each prefix and suffix, which can aid in decoding a vast array of complex words.

Common Prefixes

Anti- (against, opposite): antibiotic, anticlimactic
Co- (together, with): cooperate, coauthor
De- (down, away, reverse): deactivate, degrade
Dis- (not, opposite of): disagree, disappear
Ex- (out of, away from): exhale, exclude
Intra- (within): intramural, intravenous
Mis- (wrongly): misinterpret, misuse
Non- (not): nonsense, nonprofit
Over- (excessively): overeat, overact
Pre- (before): precaution, preview
Re- (again): rewrite, rebuild
Sub- (under, below): submarine, subtext
Super- (above, beyond): superhuman, supernatural
Trans- (across, change): transport, translucent
Un- (not): unseen, unknown

Common Suffixes

-able, -ible (capable or worthy of): enjoyable, perceptible
-al, -ial (relating to): educational, territorial
-ed (past tense for verbs): walked, jumped
-en (made of): wooden, golden
-er, -or (one who, that which): baker, translator
-ing (verb form/present participle): running, swimming
-ism (a belief or ideology): capitalism, nihilism
-ist (one who practices or is concerned with something): scientist, artist
-ity, -ty (state of): equality, safety
-less (without): hopeless, fearless
-logy (study of): biology, meteorology
-ment (action or process): payment, agreement
-ness (state of being): happiness, sadness
-ous, -eous, -ious (characterized by): dangerous, courageous, ambitious
-s, -es (plural of nouns): books, boxes

Practice Test on Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes - Civil Service Exam

Question 1:

The root “path” in “pathology” implies:

Choice A: Study
Choice B: Treatment
Choice C: Disease
Choice D: Feeling
Answer: C
Solution:
The root “path” means “disease,” making “pathology” the study of diseases.

Question 2:

The suffix “-cracy” as in “democracy” indicates:

Choice A: Government by
Choice B: Fear of
Choice C: Rule by
Choice D: Love for
Answer: C
Solution:
The suffix “-cracy” means “rule by,” thus “democracy” is government by the people.

Question 3:

What does the prefix “mono-” signify in “monochrome”?

Choice A: Many
Choice B: Single
Choice C: Color
Choice D: Light
Answer: B
Solution:
The prefix “mono-” means “single,” so “monochrome” refers to a single color or shades of one color.

Question 4:

The suffix “-phile” in “bibliophile” means:

Choice A: Fear of
Choice B: Study of
Choice C: Lover of
Choice D: Full of
Answer: C
Solution:
The suffix “-phile” means “lover of,” making a “bibliophile” a lover of books.